1. The Cloaca is an opening in an involucrum which allows drainage of purulent and necrotic material out of the dead bone

2. Pav. exHand.-Mzt., which seems to have been mistaken for,T. cylleneum differs in its reddish to red pappus and the short, but abruptly constricted rostrum of the achenes and the almost incornuted leaflets of the involucrum, by which characteristic it is well distinguished fromT. primigeniumHand.-Mzt.